Which queen's opposition to reform helped lead to the overthrow of the French monarchy?

Marie Antoinette's opposition to reform is a significant factor that contributed to the overthrow of the French monarchy during the French Revolution. As queen, she was perceived as being out of touch with the struggles of the common people, which exacerbated public discontent. Her extravagant lifestyle, particularly during a time of economic crisis and food shortages, alienated many citizens and created a negative image of the monarchy.

Marie Antoinette's resistance to the proposed reforms that aimed to ease the burdens of the populace fueled the revolutionary sentiment among the people. As the monarchy failed to adapt to the changing socio-economic landscape and address the needs of its citizens, calls for revolution grew stronger. This led to widespread unrest, culminating in the downfall of the monarchy in 1789. Her influence, along with the perception of her as the embodiment of royal excess and disregard for the plight of the French people, played a crucial role in the events that unfolded during this transformative period in history.