Which historical figure was the only woman to rule China in her own name?

Empress Wu, also known as Wu Zetian, is noted for being the only woman to rule China in her own name, which occurred during the Tang Dynasty. She initially became a concubine of Emperor Gaozu and later rose to power after the death of her husband, eventually declaring herself emperor in her own right. This significant historical event is noteworthy as it challenged the male-dominated structure of Chinese imperial authority.

Her reign is marked by various reforms and consolidations of power, as well as an emphasis on the promotion of Buddhism as a state religion. This not only illustrates her political acumen but also highlights her influence on Chinese culture and governance during her rule. In contrast, the other figures listed had entirely different roles in history and contexts unrelated to the leadership of China.